Not necessarily. Nothing to stop Honda calibrating a trip computer for individual models or locations.
However, it's entirely possible to have very similar wheel circumference for 15 and 16 inch wheels. In the UK we have at least two different wheel sizes depending on model.
The SE and HE models have 175/65 r15. The ES, HS and EX models have 185/55r16. According to this calculator (
Tyre Calculator | Tyre Size Calculator difference in wheel circumference is 6mm or less than 0.3%.
Narrower tyres generally give slightly better mpg and this is reflected in the official mpg ratings for the different models. The weight will have some effect too.
The MID has some differences between UK, mainland Europe and US cars - don't see why speedometer or oedometer calibration shouldn't be among them. There will be local regulations regarding the accuracy required for the speedometer and odometer in different areas.
Having said that, I would have thought that Honda would be cautious about inaccurate oedometers by now. There was a 2007 class action brought by Accord owners, who ended up getting a small amount of compensation and the mileage for their warranties extending slightly.